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10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.012 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.012 C4930556!4930556!27368104     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Cell 2016 ; 166 (1): 234-44 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27368104|t=2016. Information integration and energy expenditure in gene regulation |pdf=|usr=}}{{27368104}} gab.com Text Information integration and energy expenditure in gene regulation JO: Cell http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27368104 #FOAvip The quantitative concepts used to reason about gene regulation largely derive from bacterial studies. We show that this bacterial paradigm cannot explain the sharp expression of a canonical developmental gene in response to a regulating transcription factor (TF). In the absence of energy expenditure, with regulatory DNA at thermodynamic equilibrium, information integration across multiple TF binding sites can generate the required sharpness but with strong constraints on the resulting ?higher-order cooperativities?. Even with such integration there is a ?Hopfield barrier? to sharpness, represented, for n TF binding sites, by the Hill function with Hill coefficient n. If, however, energy is expended to maintain regulatory DNA away from thermodynamic equilibrium, as in kinetic proofreading, this barrier can be breached and greater sharpness achieved. Our approach is grounded in fundamental physics, leads to testable experimental predictions and suggests how a quantitative paradigm for eukaryotic gene regulation can be formulated. Twit Text FOAVip Information integration and energy expenditure in gene regulation ????Cell http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27368104 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27368104 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27368104}}</ref> Information integration and energy expenditure in gene regulation #MMPMID27368104 Estrada J; Wong F; DePace A; Gunawardena J Cell 2016[Jun]; 166 (1): 234-44 PMID27368104show ga The quantitative concepts used to reason about gene regulation largely derive from bacterial studies. We show that this bacterial paradigm cannot explain the sharp expression of a canonical developmental gene in response to a regulating transcription factor (TF). In the absence of energy expenditure, with regulatory DNA at thermodynamic equilibrium, information integration across multiple TF binding sites can generate the required sharpness but with strong constraints on the resulting ?higher-order cooperativities?. Even with such integration there is a ?Hopfield barrier? to sharpness, represented, for n TF binding sites, by the Hill function with Hill coefficient n. If, however, energy is expended to maintain regulatory DNA away from thermodynamic equilibrium, as in kinetic proofreading, this barrier can be breached and greater sharpness achieved. Our approach is grounded in fundamental physics, leads to testable experimental predictions and suggests how a quantitative paradigm for eukaryotic gene regulation can be formulated. äInformation integration and energy expenditure in gene regulation (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing