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2016 ; 14
(12
): 2901-11
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English Wikipedia
Antioxidant Defense by Thioredoxin Can Occur Independently of Canonical
Thiol-Disulfide Oxidoreductase Enzymatic Activity
#MMPMID26997275
Song M
; Kim JS
; Liu L
; Husain M
; Vázquez-Torres A
Cell Rep
2016[Mar]; 14
(12
): 2901-11
PMID26997275
show ga
The thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase CXXC catalytic domain of thioredoxin
contributes to antioxidant defense in phylogenetically diverse organisms. We find
that although the oxidoreductase activity of thioredoxin-1 protects Salmonella
enterica serovar Typhimurium from hydrogen peroxide in vitro, it does not appear
to contribute to Salmonella's antioxidant defenses in vivo. Nonetheless,
thioredoxin-1 defends Salmonella from oxidative stress resulting from NADPH
phagocyte oxidase macrophage expression during the innate immune response in
mice. Thioredoxin-1 binds to the flexible linker, which connects the receiver and
effector domains of SsrB, thereby keeping this response regulator in the soluble
fraction. Thioredoxin-1, independently of thiol-disulfide exchange, activates
intracellular SPI2 gene transcription required for Salmonella resistance to both
reactive species generated by NADPH phagocyte oxidase and oxygen-independent
lysosomal host defenses. These findings suggest that the horizontally acquired
virulence determinant SsrB is regulated post-translationally by ancestrally
present thioredoxin.