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10.1098/rstb.2015.0243 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1098/rstb.2015.0243 C4920299!4920299 !27298473     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=27298473 &cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Changes in northeast African hydrology and vegetation associated with Pliocene-Pleistocene sapropel cycles |pdf=|usr=}}{{27298473 }} gab.com Text Changes in northeast African hydrology and vegetation associated with Pliocene-Pleistocene sapropel cycles JO: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27298473 #FOAvip East African climate change since the Late Miocene consisted of persistent shorter-term, orbital-scale wet-dry cycles superimposed upon a long-term trend towards more open, grassy landscapes. Either or both of these modes of palaeoclimate variability may have influenced East African mammalian evolution, yet the interrelationship between these secular and orbital palaeoclimate signals remains poorly understood. Here, we explore whether the long-term secular climate change was also accompanied by significant changes at the orbital-scale. We develop northeast African hydroclimate and vegetation proxy data for two 100 kyr-duration windows near 3.05 and 1.75 Ma at ODP Site 967 in the eastern Mediterranean basin, where sedimentation is dominated by eastern Sahara dust input and Nile River run-off. These two windows were selected because they have comparable orbital configurations and bracket an important increase in East African C4 grasslands. We conducted high-resolution (2.5 kyr sampling) multiproxy biomarker, H- and C-isotopic analyses of plant waxes and lignin phenols to document orbital-scale changes in hydrology, vegetation and woody cover for these two intervals. Both intervals are dominated by large-amplitude, precession-scale (approx. 20 kyr) changes in northeast African vegetation and rainfall/run-off. The ?(13)Cwax values and lignin phenol composition record a variable but consistently C4 grass-dominated ecosystem for both intervals (50-80% C4). Precessional ?Dwax cycles were approximately 20-30? in peak-to-peak amplitude, comparable with other ?Dwax records of the Early Holocene African Humid Period. There were no significant differences in the means or variances of the ?Dwax or ?(13)Cwax data for the 3.05 and 1.75 Ma intervals studied, suggesting that the palaeohydrology and palaeovegetation responses to precessional forcing were similar for these two periods. Data for these two windows suggest that the eastern Sahara did not experience the significant increase in C4 vegetation that has been observed in East Africa over this time period. This observation would be consistent with a proposed mechanism whereby East African precipitation is reduced, and drier conditions established, in response to the emergence of modern zonal sea surface temperature gradients in the tropical oceans between 3 and 2 Ma.This article is part of the themed issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'. Twit Text FOAVip Changes in northeast African hydrology and vegetation associated with Pliocene-Pleistocene sapropel cycles ????Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27298473 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27298473 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27298473 }}</ref> Changes in northeast African hydrology and vegetation associated with Pliocene-Pleistocene sapropel cycles #MMPMID27298473 Rose C ; Polissar PJ ; Tierney JE ; Filley T ; deMenocal PB Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016[Jul]; 371 (1698 ): ä PMID27298473 show ga East African climate change since the Late Miocene consisted of persistent shorter-term, orbital-scale wet-dry cycles superimposed upon a long-term trend towards more open, grassy landscapes. Either or both of these modes of palaeoclimate variability may have influenced East African mammalian evolution, yet the interrelationship between these secular and orbital palaeoclimate signals remains poorly understood. Here, we explore whether the long-term secular climate change was also accompanied by significant changes at the orbital-scale. We develop northeast African hydroclimate and vegetation proxy data for two 100 kyr-duration windows near 3.05 and 1.75 Ma at ODP Site 967 in the eastern Mediterranean basin, where sedimentation is dominated by eastern Sahara dust input and Nile River run-off. These two windows were selected because they have comparable orbital configurations and bracket an important increase in East African C4 grasslands. We conducted high-resolution (2.5 kyr sampling) multiproxy biomarker, H- and C-isotopic analyses of plant waxes and lignin phenols to document orbital-scale changes in hydrology, vegetation and woody cover for these two intervals. Both intervals are dominated by large-amplitude, precession-scale (approx. 20 kyr) changes in northeast African vegetation and rainfall/run-off. The ?(13)Cwax values and lignin phenol composition record a variable but consistently C4 grass-dominated ecosystem for both intervals (50-80% C4). Precessional ?Dwax cycles were approximately 20-30? in peak-to-peak amplitude, comparable with other ?Dwax records of the Early Holocene African Humid Period. There were no significant differences in the means or variances of the ?Dwax or ?(13)Cwax data for the 3.05 and 1.75 Ma intervals studied, suggesting that the palaeohydrology and palaeovegetation responses to precessional forcing were similar for these two periods. Data for these two windows suggest that the eastern Sahara did not experience the significant increase in C4 vegetation that has been observed in East Africa over this time period. This observation would be consistent with a proposed mechanism whereby East African precipitation is reduced, and drier conditions established, in response to the emergence of modern zonal sea surface temperature gradients in the tropical oceans between 3 and 2 Ma.This article is part of the themed issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'. |*Biota [MESH] |*Climate Change [MESH] |*Hydrology [MESH] |*Plants [MESH] |Africa, Eastern [MESH] |Africa, Northern [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Benzopyrans/analysis [MESH] |Biological Evolution [MESH] |Hominidae [MESH] |Humic Substances/analysis [MESH] |Mammals [MESH] |Mediterranean Sea [MESH]Changes in northeast African hydrology and vegetation associated with (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing