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2016 ; 387
(10032
): 2026-34
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Bioengineered human acellular vessels for dialysis access in patients with
end-stage renal disease: two phase 2 single-arm trials
#MMPMID27203778
Lawson JH
; Glickman MH
; Ilzecki M
; Jakimowicz T
; Jaroszynski A
; Peden EK
; Pilgrim AJ
; Prichard HL
; Guziewicz M
; Przywara S
; Szmidt J
; Turek J
; Witkiewicz W
; Zapotoczny N
; Zubilewicz T
; Niklason LE
Lancet
2016[May]; 387
(10032
): 2026-34
PMID27203778
show ga
BACKGROUND: For patients with end-stage renal disease who are not candidates for
fistula, dialysis access grafts are the best option for chronic haemodialysis.
However, polytetrafluoroethylene arteriovenous grafts are prone to thrombosis,
infection, and intimal hyperplasia at the venous anastomosis. We developed and
tested a bioengineered human acellular vessel as a potential solution to these
limitations in dialysis access. METHODS: We did two single-arm phase 2 trials at
six centres in the USA and Poland. We enrolled adults with end-stage renal
disease. A novel bioengineered human acellular vessel was implanted into the arms
of patients for haemodialysis access. Primary endpoints were safety (freedom from
immune response or infection, aneurysm, or mechanical failure, and incidence of
adverse events), and efficacy as assessed by primary, primary assisted, and
secondary patencies at 6 months. All patients were followed up for at least 1
year, or had a censoring event. These trials are registered with
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01744418 and NCT01840956. FINDINGS: Human acellular
vessels were implanted into 60 patients. Mean follow-up was 16 months (SD 7·6).
One vessel became infected during 82 patient-years of follow-up. The vessels had
no dilatation and rarely had post-cannulation bleeding. At 6 months, 63% (95% CI
47-72) of patients had primary patency, 73% (57-81) had primary assisted patency,
and 97% (85-98) had secondary patency, with most loss of primary patency because
of thrombosis. At 12 months, 28% (17-40) had primary patency, 38% (26-51) had
primary assisted patency, and 89% (74-93) had secondary patency. INTERPRETATION:
Bioengineered human acellular vessels seem to provide safe and functional
haemodialysis access, and warrant further study in randomised controlled trials.
FUNDING: Humacyte and US National Institutes of Health.