Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26821364&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Curr+Opin+Genet+Dev 2016 ; 37 (ä): 51-8 Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Hide and seek: how chromatin-based pathways silence retroelements in the mammalian germline #MMPMID26821364
Molaro A; Malik HS
Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016[Apr]; 37 (ä): 51-8 PMID26821364show ga
Mobile elements comprise a major fraction of most mammalian genomes. To protect their fitness and stability, hosts must keep mobile elements in check in their germline. In most tissues mobile element insertions are decorated with chromatin modifications suggestive of transcriptional silencing. However, germline cells undergo massive chromatin reprogramming events, which erase repressive chromatin marks and necessitate de novo re-establishment of silencing. How do host genomes achieve the discrimination necessary for this de novo silencing? A series of recent studies have revealed aspects of the multi-pronged strategy that mammalian genomes use to identify and silence mobile elements. These strategies include the use of small RNA-guides, of specialized DNA-binding protein adaptors and of proteins that repair chromatin discontinuities caused by retroelement insertions. Genetic analyses reveal the importance of these mechanisms of protection, each of which specializes in silencing mobile elements of different evolutionary ages. Together, these strategies allow mammalian genomes to withstand the high burden of their parasites.