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Bariatric surgery is associated with improvement in kidney outcomes #MMPMID27181999
Chang AR; Chen Y; Still C; Wood GC; Kirchner HL; Lewis M; Kramer H; Hartle JE; Carey D; Appel LJ; Grams ME
Kidney Int 2016[Jul]; 90 (1): 164-71 PMID27181999show ga
Severe obesity is associated with increased risk for kidney disease. Whether bariatric surgery reduces the risk of adverse kidney outcomes is uncertain. To resolve this we compared risk of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline of 30% or more and doubling of serum creatinine or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 985 patients who underwent bariatric surgery with 985 patients who did not undergo such surgery. Patients were matched on demographics, baseline body mass index, eGFR, comorbidities, and prior nutrition clinic utilization. Mean age was 45 years, 97% were white, 80% were female, and 33% had baseline eGFR under 90 ml/min/1.73m2. Mean 1-year weight loss was 40.4 kg in the surgery group compared to 1.4 kg in the matched cohort. Over a median follow-up of 4.4 years, 85 surgery patients had eGFR decline of 30% or more (22 had doubling of serum creatinine/ESRD). Over a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 177 patients in the matched cohort had eGFR decline of 30% or more (50 had doubling of serum creatinine/ESRD). In adjusted analysis, bariatric surgery patients had a significant 58% lower risk for eGFR decline of 30% or more (hazard ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.55) and 57% lower risk of doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD (hazard ratio 0.43, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.71) compared to the matched cohort. Results were generally consistent among subgroups of patients with and without eGFR under 90 ml/min/1.73 m2, hypertension, and diabetes. Thus, bariatric surgery may be an option to prevent kidney function decline in severely obese individuals.