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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Stroke+Cerebrovasc+Dis 2016 ; 25 (7): 1561-9 Nephropedia Template TP
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Varicella Zoster Virus: A Not Uncommon Cause of Stroke in Children and Adults #MMPMID27138380
Amlie-Lefond C; Gilden D
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016[Jul]; 25 (7): 1561-9 PMID27138380show ga
Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic exclusively human herpesvirus. Primary infection causes varicella (chickenpox), after which virus become latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. As cell-mediated immunity to VZV declines with advancing age and immunosuppression, VZV reactivates to produce zoster (shingles). One of the most serious complications of zoster is VZV vasculopathy. Methods: We reviewed recent studies of stroke associated with varicella and zoster, how VZV vasculopathy is verified virologically, vaccination to prevent varicella and immunization to prevent zoster, and VZV in giant cell arteritis. Findings: We report recent epidemiological studies revealing an increased risk of stroke after zoster; the clinical, laboratory and imaging features of VZV vasculopathy; that VZV vasculopathy is confirmed by the presence of either VZV DNA or anti-VZV IgG antibody in CSF; special features of VZV vasculopathy in children; vaccination to prevent varicella and immunization to prevent zoster; and the latest evidence linking VZV to giant cell arteritis. Conclusion: In children and adults, VZV is a not uncommon cause of stroke.