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2010 ; 126
(5
): 1047-54
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Prevention of cigarette smoke-induced lung tumors in mice by budesonide,
phenethyl isothiocyanate, and N-acetylcysteine
#MMPMID19816928
Balansky R
; Ganchev G
; Iltcheva M
; Steele VE
; De Flora S
Int J Cancer
2010[Mar]; 126
(5
): 1047-54
PMID19816928
show ga
Lung cancer is the most important cause of death among neoplastic diseases
worldwide, and cigarette smoke (CS) is the major risk factor for cancer.
Complementarily to avoidance of exposure to CS, chemoprevention will lower the
risk of cancer in passive smokers, ex-smokers, and addicted current smokers who
fail to quit smoking. Unfortunately, chemoprevention clinical trials have
produced disappointing results to date and, until recently, a suitable animal
model evaluating CS carcinogenicity was not available. We previously demonstrated
that mainstream CS induces a potent carcinogenic response when exposure of mice
starts at birth. In the present study, neonatal mice (strain H) were exposed to
CS for 120 consecutive days, starting at birth. The chemopreventive agents
budesonide (2.4 mg/kg diet), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC, 1,000 mg/kg diet),
and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, 1,000 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally
according to various protocols. The experiment was stopped after 210 days.
Exposure to CS resulted in a high incidence and multiplicity of benign lung
tumors and in significant increases of malignant lung tumors and other
histopathological alterations. All three chemopreventive agents, administered to
current smokers after weaning, were quite effective in protecting both male and
female mice from CS pulmonary carcinogenicity. When given to ex-smokers after
withdrawal of exposure to CS, the protective capacity of budesonide was
unchanged, while PEITC lost part of its cancer chemopreventive activity. In
conclusion, the proposed experimental model provides convincing evidence that it
is possible to prevent CS-induced lung cancer by means of dietary and
pharmacological agents.
|Acetylcysteine/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Animals, Newborn
[MESH]
|Anticarcinogenic Agents/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Budesonide/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Disease Models, Animal
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Isothiocyanates/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Lung Neoplasms/etiology/pathology/*prevention & control
[MESH]