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2016 ; 10
(2
): 437-44
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gab.com Text
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Cognitive impairment and associated loss in brain white microstructure in aircrew
members exposed to engine oil fumes
#MMPMID26063438
Reneman L
; Schagen SB
; Mulder M
; Mutsaerts HJ
; Hageman G
; de Ruiter MB
Brain Imaging Behav
2016[Jun]; 10
(2
): 437-44
PMID26063438
show ga
Cabin air in airplanes can be contaminated with engine oil contaminants. These
contaminations may contain organophosphates (OPs) which are known neurotoxins to
brain white matter. However, it is currently unknown if brain white matter in
aircrew is affected. We investigated whether we could objectify cognitive
complaints in aircrew and whether we could find a neurobiological substrate for
their complaints. After medical ethical approval from the local institutional
review board, informed consent was obtained from 12 aircrew (2 females, on
average aged 44.4 years, 8,130 flying hours) with cognitive complaints and 11
well matched control subjects (2 females, 43.4 years, 233 flying hours).
Depressive symptoms and self-reported cognitive symptoms were assessed, in
addition to a neuropsychological test battery. State of the art Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques were administered that assess structural and
functional changes, with a focus on white matter integrity. In aircrew we found
significantly more self-reported cognitive complaints and depressive symptoms,
and a higher number of tests scored in the impaired range compared to the control
group. We observed small clusters in the brain in which white matter
microstructure was affected. Also, we observed higher cerebral perfusion values
in the left occipital cortex, and reduced brain activation on a functional MRI
executive function task. The extent of cognitive impairment was strongly
associated with white matter integrity, but extent of estimated number of flight
hours was not associated with cognitive impairment nor with reductions in white
matter microstructure. Defects in brain white matter microstructure and cerebral
perfusion are potential neurobiological substrates for cognitive impairments and
mood deficits reported in aircrew.
|Adult
[MESH]
|Aerospace Medicine
[MESH]
|Aircraft
[MESH]
|Anisotropy
[MESH]
|Brain Mapping/methods
[MESH]
|Brain/pathology
[MESH]
|Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology
[MESH]
|Cognition Disorders/etiology/*pathology
[MESH]
|Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology/*pathology
[MESH]
|Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
[MESH]