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2016 ; 11
(6
): e0156643
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Epirubicin, Identified Using a Novel Luciferase Reporter Assay for Foxp3
Inhibitors, Inhibits Regulatory T Cell Activity
#MMPMID27284967
Kashima H
; Momose F
; Umehara H
; Miyoshi N
; Ogo N
; Muraoka D
; Shiku H
; Harada N
; Asai A
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(6
): e0156643
PMID27284967
show ga
Forkhead box protein p3 (Foxp3) is crucial to the development and suppressor
function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that have a significant role in
tumor-associated immune suppression. Development of small molecule inhibitors of
Foxp3 function is therefore considered a promising strategy to enhance anti-tumor
immunity. In this study, we developed a novel cell-based assay system in which
the NF-?B luciferase reporter signal is suppressed by the co-expressed Foxp3
protein. Using this system, we screened our chemical library consisting of
approximately 2,100 compounds and discovered that a cancer chemotherapeutic drug
epirubicin restored the Foxp3-inhibited NF-?B activity in a
concentration-dependent manner without influencing cell viability. Using
immunoprecipitation assay in a Treg-like cell line Karpas-299, we found that
epirubicin inhibited the interaction between Foxp3 and p65. In addition,
epirubicin inhibited the suppressor function of murine Tregs and thereby improved
effector T cell stimulation in vitro. Administration of low dose epirubicin into
tumor-bearing mice modulated the function of immune cells at the tumor site and
promoted their IFN-? production without direct cytotoxicity. In summary, we
identified the novel action of epirubicin as a Foxp3 inhibitor using a newly
established luciferase-based cellular screen. Our work also demonstrated our
screen system is useful in accelerating discovery of Foxp3 inhibitors.