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2016 ; 13
(ä): 21
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Mate-guarding behavior enhances male reproductive success via familiarization
with mating partners in medaka fish
#MMPMID27257431
Yokoi S
; Ansai S
; Kinoshita M
; Naruse K
; Kamei Y
; Young LJ
; Okuyama T
; Takeuchi H
Front Zool
2016[]; 13
(ä): 21
PMID27257431
show ga
BACKGROUND: Male-male competition and female mating preference are major
mechanisms of sexual selection, which influences individual fitness. How
male-male competition affects female preference, however, remains poorly
understood. Under laboratory conditions, medaka (Oryzias latipes) males compete
to position themselves between a rival male and the female (mate-guarding) in
triadic relationships (male, male, and female). In addition, females prefer to
mate with visually familiar males. In the present study, to examine whether
mate-guarding affects female preference via visual familiarization, we
established a novel behavioral test to simultaneously quantify visual
familiarization of focal males with females and mate-guarding against rival
males. In addition, we investigated the effect of familiarization on male
reproductive success in triadic relationships. RESULTS: Three fish (female, male,
male) were placed separately in a transparent three-chamber tank, which allowed
the male in the center (near male) to maintain closer proximity to the female
than the other male (far male). Placement of the wild-type male in the center
blocked visual familiarization of the far male by the female via mate-guarding.
In contrast, placement of an arginine-vasotocin receptor mutant male, which
exhibits mate-guarding deficits, in the center, allowing for maintaining close
proximity to the female, did not block familiarization of the far male by the
female. We also demonstrated that the reproductive success of males was
significantly decreased by depriving females visual familiarization with the
males. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated that, at least in triadic
relationships, dominance in mate-guarding, not simply close proximity, allows
males to gain familiarity with the female over their rivals, which may enhance
female preference for the dominant male. These findings focusing on the triadic
relationships of medaka may contribute to our understanding of the adaptive
significance of persistent mate-guarding, as well as female preference for
familiar mates.