Use my Search Websuite to scan PubMed, PMCentral, Journal Hosts and Journal Archives, FullText. Kick-your-searchterm to multiple Engines kick-your-query now !>

A dictionary by aggregated review articles of nephrology, medicine and the life sciences Your one-stop-run pathway from word to the immediate pdf of peer-reviewed on-topic knowledge.

10.1186/s12989-016-0138-4 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/s12989-016-0138-4 C4890337!4890337 !27251132     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 300.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\27251132 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Part+Fibre+Toxicol 2016 ; 13 (1 ): 27 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27251132 |t=2016. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells via the TGF-?-mediated Akt/GSK-3?/SNAIL-1 signalling pathway |pdf=|usr=}}{{27251132 }} gab.com Text Multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells via the TGF- -mediated Akt/GSK-3 /SNAIL-1 signalling pathway JO: Part Fibre Toxicol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27251132 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are currently under intense toxicological investigation due to concern on their potential health effects. Current in vitro and in vivo data indicate that MWCNT exposure is strongly associated with lung toxicity (inflammation, fibrosis, granuloma, cancer and airway injury) and their effects might be comparable to asbestos-induced carcinogenesis. Although fibrosis is a multi-origin disease, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recently recognized as an important pathway in cell transformation. It is known that MWCNT exposure induces EMT through the activation of the TGF-?/Smad signalling pathway thus promoting pulmonary fibrosis, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In the present work we propose a new mechanism involving a TGF-?-mediated signalling pathway. METHODS: Human bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with two different MWCNT samples at various concentrations for up to 96 h and several markers of EMT were investigated. Quantitative real time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescent staining and gelatin zymographies were performed to detect the marker protein alterations. ELISA was performed to evaluate TGF-? production. Experiments with neutralizing anti-TGF-? antibody, specific inhibitors of GSK-3? and Akt and siRNA were carried out in order to confirm their involvement in MWCNT-induced EMT. In vivo experiments of pharyngeal aspiration in C57BL/6 mice were also performed. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test. RESULTS: Fully characterized MWCNT (mean length?<?5 ?m) are able to induce EMT in an in vitro human model (BEAS-2B cells) after long-term incubation at sub-cytotoxic concentrations. MWCNT stimulate TGF-? secretion, Akt activation and GSK-3? inhibition, which induces nuclear accumulation of SNAIL-1 and its transcriptional activity, thus contributing to switch on the EMT program. Moreover, a significant increment of nuclear ?-catenin - due to E-cadherin repression and following translocation to nucleus - likely reinforces signalling for EMT promotion. In vivo results supported the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis following MWCNT exposure. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a new molecular mechanism of MWCNT-mediated EMT, which is Smad-independent and involves TGF-? and its intracellular effectors Akt/GSK-3? that activate the SNAIL-1 signalling pathway. This finding suggests potential novel targets in the development of therapeutic and preventive approaches. Twit Text FOAVip Multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells via the TGF- -mediated Akt/GSK-3 /SNAIL-1 signalling pathway ????Part Fibre Toxicol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27251132 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27251132 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27251132 }}</ref> Multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells via the TGF-?-mediated Akt/GSK-3?/SNAIL-1 signalling pathway #MMPMID27251132 Polimeni M ; Gulino GR ; Gazzano E ; Kopecka J ; Marucco A ; Fenoglio I ; Cesano F ; Campagnolo L ; Magrini A ; Pietroiusti A ; Ghigo D ; Aldieri E Part Fibre Toxicol 2016[Jun]; 13 (1 ): 27 PMID27251132 show ga BACKGROUND: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are currently under intense toxicological investigation due to concern on their potential health effects. Current in vitro and in vivo data indicate that MWCNT exposure is strongly associated with lung toxicity (inflammation, fibrosis, granuloma, cancer and airway injury) and their effects might be comparable to asbestos-induced carcinogenesis. Although fibrosis is a multi-origin disease, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recently recognized as an important pathway in cell transformation. It is known that MWCNT exposure induces EMT through the activation of the TGF-?/Smad signalling pathway thus promoting pulmonary fibrosis, but the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In the present work we propose a new mechanism involving a TGF-?-mediated signalling pathway. METHODS: Human bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with two different MWCNT samples at various concentrations for up to 96 h and several markers of EMT were investigated. Quantitative real time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescent staining and gelatin zymographies were performed to detect the marker protein alterations. ELISA was performed to evaluate TGF-? production. Experiments with neutralizing anti-TGF-? antibody, specific inhibitors of GSK-3? and Akt and siRNA were carried out in order to confirm their involvement in MWCNT-induced EMT. In vivo experiments of pharyngeal aspiration in C57BL/6 mice were also performed. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test. RESULTS: Fully characterized MWCNT (mean length? |Animals [MESH] |Bronchi/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology/ultrastructure [MESH] |Carcinogenicity Tests [MESH] |Cell Line [MESH] |Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/*drug effects [MESH] |Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Mice, Inbred C57BL [MESH] |Microscopy, Electron, Scanning [MESH] |Microscopy, Electron, Transmission [MESH] |Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry/*toxicity/ultrastructure [MESH] |Particle Size [MESH] |Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism [MESH] |Pulmonary Fibrosis/chemically induced/metabolism/pathology [MESH] |Respiratory Mucosa/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology/ultrastructure [MESH] |Signal Transduction/*drug effects [MESH] |Snail Family Transcription Factors/metabolism [MESH] |Surface Properties [MESH]Multi-walled carbon nanotubes directly induce epithelial-mesenchymal t(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing