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10.1097/QAD.0000000000001083 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1097/QAD.0000000000001083 C4889474!4889474!26959508     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 227.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 261.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       AIDS 2016 ; 30 (10): 1521-31 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26959508|t=2016. Expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells in HIV-1+ individuals |pdf=|usr=}}{{26959508}} gab.com Text Expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells in HIV-1+ individuals JO: AIDS http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26959508 #FOAvip Objective: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to HIV-1 disease progression by impairing antiviral immunity; however, the precise mechanisms responsible for the development of Tregs in the setting of HIV-1 infection are incompletely understood. Design: In this study, we provide evidence that HIV-induced expansion of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) promote the differentiation of Foxp3+ Tregs. Methods: We measured MDSC induction and cytokine expression by flow cytometry and analyzed their functions by co-culturing experiments. Results: We observed a dramatic increase in M-MDSC frequencies in the peripheral blood of HIV-1 seropositive (HIV-1+) individuals, even in those on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with undetectable viremia, when compared to healthy subjects. We also observed increases in M-MDSCs after incubating healthy peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HIV-1 proteins (gp120 or Tat) or Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in vitro, an effect that could be abrogated in the presence of the pSTAT-3 inhibitor, STA-21. Functional analyses indicated that M-MDSCs from HIV-1+ individuals express higher levels of IL-10, TGF-?, IL-4R?, p47phex, PD-L1, and pSTAT-3 ? all of which are known mediators of myelopoiesis and immunosuppression. Importantly, incubation of healthy CD4+ T cells with MDSCs derived from HIV-1+ individuals significantly increased differentiation of Foxp3+ Tregs. In addition, depletion of MDSCs from PBMCs of HIV-1+ individuals led to a significant reduction of Foxp3+ Tregs and increase of IFN-? production by CD4+ T effector cells (Teffs). Conclusions: These results suggest that HIV-induced MDSCs promote Treg cell development and inhibit T cell function - a hallmark of many chronic infectious diseases. Twit Text FOAVip Expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells in HIV-1+ individuals ????AIDS http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26959508 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26959508 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26959508}}</ref> Expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells in HIV-1+ individuals #MMPMID26959508 Wang L; Zhao J; Ren JP; Wu XY; Morrison ZD; Elgazzar MA; Ning SB; Moorman JP; Yao ZQ AIDS 2016[Jun]; 30 (10): 1521-31 PMID26959508show ga Objective: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute to HIV-1 disease progression by impairing antiviral immunity; however, the precise mechanisms responsible for the development of Tregs in the setting of HIV-1 infection are incompletely understood. Design: In this study, we provide evidence that HIV-induced expansion of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) promote the differentiation of Foxp3+ Tregs. Methods: We measured MDSC induction and cytokine expression by flow cytometry and analyzed their functions by co-culturing experiments. Results: We observed a dramatic increase in M-MDSC frequencies in the peripheral blood of HIV-1 seropositive (HIV-1+) individuals, even in those on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with undetectable viremia, when compared to healthy subjects. We also observed increases in M-MDSCs after incubating healthy peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HIV-1 proteins (gp120 or Tat) or Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in vitro, an effect that could be abrogated in the presence of the pSTAT-3 inhibitor, STA-21. Functional analyses indicated that M-MDSCs from HIV-1+ individuals express higher levels of IL-10, TGF-?, IL-4R?, p47phex, PD-L1, and pSTAT-3 ? all of which are known mediators of myelopoiesis and immunosuppression. Importantly, incubation of healthy CD4+ T cells with MDSCs derived from HIV-1+ individuals significantly increased differentiation of Foxp3+ Tregs. In addition, depletion of MDSCs from PBMCs of HIV-1+ individuals led to a significant reduction of Foxp3+ Tregs and increase of IFN-? production by CD4+ T effector cells (Teffs). Conclusions: These results suggest that HIV-induced MDSCs promote Treg cell development and inhibit T cell function - a hallmark of many chronic infectious diseases. äExpansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells promotes differentiation(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing