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10.1038/srep26802 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/srep26802 C4881026!4881026 !27225984     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\27225984 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Sci+Rep 2016 ; 6 (ä): 26802 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27225984 |t=2016. Alpha-ketoglutarate promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and protein synthesis through Akt/mTOR signaling pathways |pdf=|usr=}}{{27225984 }} gab.com Text Alpha-ketoglutarate promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and protein synthesis through Akt/mTOR signaling pathways JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27225984 #FOAvip Skeletal muscle weight loss is accompanied by small fiber size and low protein content. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) participates in protein and nitrogen metabolism. The effect of AKG on skeletal muscle hypertrophy has not yet been tested, and its underlying mechanism is yet to be determined. In this study, we demonstrated that AKG (2%) increased the gastrocnemius muscle weight and fiber diameter in mice. Our in vitro study also confirmed that AKG dose increased protein synthesis in C2C12 myotubes, which could be effectively blocked by the antagonists of Akt and mTOR. The effects of AKG on skeletal muscle protein synthesis were independent of glutamate, its metabolite. We tested the expression of GPR91 and GPR99. The result demonstrated that C2C12 cells expressed GPR91, which could be upregulated by AKG. GPR91 knockdown abolished the effect of AKG on protein synthesis but failed to inhibit protein degradation. These findings demonstrated that AKG promoted skeletal muscle hypertrophy via Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, GPR91 might be partially attributed to AKG-induced skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Twit Text FOAVip Alpha-ketoglutarate promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and protein synthesis through Akt/mTOR signaling pathways ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27225984 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27225984 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27225984 }}</ref> Alpha-ketoglutarate promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and protein synthesis through Akt/mTOR signaling pathways #MMPMID27225984 Cai X ; Zhu C ; Xu Y ; Jing Y ; Yuan Y ; Wang L ; Wang S ; Zhu X ; Gao P ; Zhang Y ; Jiang Q ; Shu G Sci Rep 2016[May]; 6 (ä): 26802 PMID27225984 show ga Skeletal muscle weight loss is accompanied by small fiber size and low protein content. Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) participates in protein and nitrogen metabolism. The effect of AKG on skeletal muscle hypertrophy has not yet been tested, and its underlying mechanism is yet to be determined. In this study, we demonstrated that AKG (2%) increased the gastrocnemius muscle weight and fiber diameter in mice. Our in vitro study also confirmed that AKG dose increased protein synthesis in C2C12 myotubes, which could be effectively blocked by the antagonists of Akt and mTOR. The effects of AKG on skeletal muscle protein synthesis were independent of glutamate, its metabolite. We tested the expression of GPR91 and GPR99. The result demonstrated that C2C12 cells expressed GPR91, which could be upregulated by AKG. GPR91 knockdown abolished the effect of AKG on protein synthesis but failed to inhibit protein degradation. These findings demonstrated that AKG promoted skeletal muscle hypertrophy via Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, GPR91 might be partially attributed to AKG-induced skeletal muscle protein synthesis. |Animals [MESH] |Cell Line [MESH] |Gene Knockdown Techniques [MESH] |Glutamic Acid/metabolism/pharmacology [MESH] |Hypertrophy/chemically induced/metabolism [MESH] |Ketoglutaric Acids/*pharmacology/toxicity [MESH] |Mice, Inbred C57BL [MESH] |Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects/ultrastructure [MESH] |Muscle Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics [MESH] |Muscle, Skeletal/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology [MESH] |Phosphorylation [MESH] |Protein Processing, Post-Translational [MESH] |Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/*physiology [MESH] |RNA Interference [MESH] |RNA, Small Interfering/genetics [MESH] |Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors/biosynthesis/genetics [MESH] |Receptors, Purinergic P2/biosynthesis/genetics [MESH] |Signal Transduction/*drug effects [MESH]Alpha-ketoglutarate promotes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and protein s(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing