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2016 ; 8
(5
): 185-201
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Stem cells sources for intervertebral disc regeneration
#MMPMID27247704
Vadalà G
; Russo F
; Ambrosio L
; Loppini M
; Denaro V
World J Stem Cells
2016[May]; 8
(5
): 185-201
PMID27247704
show ga
Intervertebral disc regeneration field is rapidly growing since disc disorders
represent a major health problem in industrialized countries with very few
possible treatments. Indeed, current available therapies are symptomatic, and
surgical procedures consist in disc removal and spinal fusion, which is not
immune to regardable concerns about possible comorbidities, cost-effectiveness,
secondary risks and long-lasting outcomes. This review paper aims to share recent
advances in stem cell therapy for the treatment of intervertebral disc
degeneration. In literature the potential use of different adult stem cells for
intervertebral disc regeneration has already been reported. Bone marrow
mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, adipose tissue derived stem cells, synovial stem
cells, muscle-derived stem cells, olfactory neural stem cells, induced
pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, disc stem cells, and embryonic
stem cells have been studied for this purpose either in vitro or in vivo.
Moreover, several engineered carriers (e.g., hydrogels), characterized by full
biocompatibility and prompt biodegradation, have been designed and combined with
different stem cell types in order to optimize the local and controlled delivery
of cellular substrates in situ. The paper overviews the literature discussing the
current status of our knowledge of the different stem cells types used as a
cell-based therapy for disc regeneration.
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