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2016 ; 11
(5
): e0155793
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English Wikipedia
The Lithic Assemblages of Xiaochangliang, Nihewan Basin: Implications for Early
Pleistocene Hominin Behaviour in North China
#MMPMID27205881
Yang SX
; Hou YM
; Yue JP
; Petraglia MD
; Deng CL
; Zhu RX
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(5
): e0155793
PMID27205881
show ga
Xiaochangliang (XCL), located in the Nihewan Basin of North China, is a key
archaeological locality for understanding the behavioural evolution of early
humans. XCL dates to ca. 1.36 Ma, making it one of the earliest sites in
Northeast Asia. Although XCL represents the first excavation of an Early
Pleistocene site in the Nihewan Basin, identified and excavated in the 1970's,
the lithic assemblages have never been published in full detail. Here we describe
the lithic assemblages from XCL, providing information on stone tool reduction
techniques and the influence of raw materials on artefact manufacture. The XCL
hominins used both bipolar and freehand reduction techniques to manufacture small
flakes, some of which show retouch. Bipolar reduction methods at XCL were used
more frequently than previously recognized. Comparison of XCL with other Early
Pleistocene sites in the Nihewan Basin indicates the variable use of bipolar and
freehand reduction methods, thereby indicating a flexible approach in the
utilization of raw materials. The stone tools from XCL and the Nihewan sites are
classifiable as Mode I lithic assemblages, readily distinguished from bifacial
industries manufactured by hominins in Eastern Asia by ca. 800 ka.