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2016 ; 22
(2
): 154-62
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Targeting of the pulmonary capillary vascular niche promotes lung alveolar repair
and ameliorates fibrosis
#MMPMID26779814
Cao Z
; Lis R
; Ginsberg M
; Chavez D
; Shido K
; Rabbany SY
; Fong GH
; Sakmar TP
; Rafii S
; Ding BS
Nat Med
2016[Feb]; 22
(2
): 154-62
PMID26779814
show ga
Although the lung can undergo self-repair after injury, fibrosis in chronically
injured or diseased lungs can occur at the expense of regeneration. Here we study
how a hematopoietic-vascular niche regulates alveolar repair and lung fibrosis.
Using intratracheal injection of bleomycin or hydrochloric acid in mice, we show
that repetitive lung injury activates pulmonary capillary endothelial cells
(PCECs) and perivascular macrophages, impeding alveolar repair and promoting
fibrosis. Whereas the chemokine receptor CXCR7, expressed on PCECs, acts to
prevent epithelial damage and ameliorate fibrosis after a single round of
treatment with bleomycin or hydrochloric acid, repeated injury leads to
suppression of CXCR7 expression and recruitment of vascular endothelial growth
factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1)-expressing perivascular macrophages. This recruitment
stimulates Wnt/?-catenin-dependent persistent upregulation of the Notch ligand
Jagged1 (encoded by Jag1) in PCECs, which in turn stimulates exuberant Notch
signaling in perivascular fibroblasts and enhances fibrosis. Administration of a
CXCR7 agonist or PCEC-targeted Jag1 shRNA after lung injury promotes alveolar
repair and reduces fibrosis. Thus, targeting of a maladapted
hematopoietic-vascular niche, in which macrophages, PCECs and perivascular
fibroblasts interact, may help to develop therapy to spur lung regeneration and
alleviate fibrosis.