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10.1016/j.clinph.2016.03.005 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.clinph.2016.03.005 C4871620!4871620!27178861     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Clin+Neurophysiol 2016 ; 127 (6): 2414-22 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27178861|t=2016. Electroencephalogram Signatures of Ketamine-Induced Unconsciousness |pdf=|usr=}}{{27178861}} gab.com Text Electroencephalogram Signatures of Ketamine-Induced Unconsciousness JO: Clin Neurophysiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27178861 #FOAvip Objectives: Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist commonly administered as a general anesthetic. However, circuit level mechanisms to explain ketamine-induced unconsciousness in humans are yet to be clearly defined. Disruption of frontal-parietal network connectivity has been proposed as a mechanism to explain this brain state. However, this mechanism was recently demonstrated at subanesthetic doses of ketamine in awake-patients. Therefore we investigated whether there is an electroencephalogram (EEG) marker for ketamine-induced unconsciousness. Methods: We retrospectively studied the EEG in 12 patients who received ketamine for the induction of general anesthesia. We analyzed the EEG dynamics using power spectral and coherence methods. Results: Following the administration of a bolus dose of ketamine to induce unconsciousness, we observed a ?gamma burst? EEG pattern that consisted of alternating slow-delta (0.1-4 Hz) and gamma (~27-40 Hz) oscillations. This pattern was also associated with increased theta oscillations (~4-8 Hz) and decreased alpha/beta oscillations (~10-24 Hz). Conclusions: Ketamine-induced unconsciousness is associated with a gamma burst EEG pattern. Significance: We postulate that the gamma burst pattern is a thalamocortical rhythm based on insights previously obtained from cat neurophysiological experiments. This EEG signature of ketamine-induced unconsciousness may offer new insights into general anesthesia induced brain states. Twit Text FOAVip Electroencephalogram Signatures of Ketamine-Induced Unconsciousness ????Clin Neurophysiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27178861 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27178861 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27178861}}</ref> Electroencephalogram Signatures of Ketamine-Induced Unconsciousness #MMPMID27178861 Akeju O; Song AH; Hamilos AE; Pavone KJ; Flores FJ; Brown EN; Purdon PL Clin Neurophysiol 2016[Jun]; 127 (6): 2414-22 PMID27178861show ga Objectives: Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist commonly administered as a general anesthetic. However, circuit level mechanisms to explain ketamine-induced unconsciousness in humans are yet to be clearly defined. Disruption of frontal-parietal network connectivity has been proposed as a mechanism to explain this brain state. However, this mechanism was recently demonstrated at subanesthetic doses of ketamine in awake-patients. Therefore we investigated whether there is an electroencephalogram (EEG) marker for ketamine-induced unconsciousness. Methods: We retrospectively studied the EEG in 12 patients who received ketamine for the induction of general anesthesia. We analyzed the EEG dynamics using power spectral and coherence methods. Results: Following the administration of a bolus dose of ketamine to induce unconsciousness, we observed a ?gamma burst? EEG pattern that consisted of alternating slow-delta (0.1-4 Hz) and gamma (~27-40 Hz) oscillations. This pattern was also associated with increased theta oscillations (~4-8 Hz) and decreased alpha/beta oscillations (~10-24 Hz). Conclusions: Ketamine-induced unconsciousness is associated with a gamma burst EEG pattern. Significance: We postulate that the gamma burst pattern is a thalamocortical rhythm based on insights previously obtained from cat neurophysiological experiments. This EEG signature of ketamine-induced unconsciousness may offer new insights into general anesthesia induced brain states. äElectroencephalogram Signatures of Ketamine-Induced Unconsciousness (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing