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2016 ; 54
(ä): 53-67
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The emerging role of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism as a biological target
and cellular regulator of cancer-induced muscle wasting
#MMPMID26593326
Carson JA
; Hardee JP
; VanderVeen BN
Semin Cell Dev Biol
2016[Jun]; 54
(ä): 53-67
PMID26593326
show ga
While skeletal muscle mass is an established primary outcome related to
understanding cancer cachexia mechanisms, considerable gaps exist in our
understanding of muscle biochemical and functional properties that have
recognized roles in systemic health. Skeletal muscle quality is a classification
beyond mass, and is aligned with muscle's metabolic capacity and substrate
utilization flexibility. This supplies an additional role for the mitochondria in
cancer-induced muscle wasting. While the historical assessment of mitochondria
content and function during cancer-induced muscle loss was closely aligned with
energy flux and wasting susceptibility, this understanding has expanded to link
mitochondria dysfunction to cellular processes regulating myofiber wasting. The
primary objective of this article is to highlight muscle mitochondria and
oxidative metabolism as a biological target of cancer cachexia and also as a
cellular regulator of cancer-induced muscle wasting. Initially, we examine the
role of muscle metabolic phenotype and mitochondria content in cancer-induced
wasting susceptibility. We then assess the evidence for cancer-induced regulation
of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy, and oxidative
stress. In addition, we discuss environments associated with cancer cachexia that
can impact the regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. The article
also examines the role of cytokine-mediated regulation of mitochondria function,
followed by the potential role of cancer-induced hypogonadism. Lastly, a role for
decreased muscle use in cancer-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is reviewed.