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10.1371/journal.pone.0153126 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pone.0153126 C4866757!4866757!27175897     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       PLoS+One 2016 ; 11 (5): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27175897|t=2016. Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual |pdf=|usr=}}{{27175897}} gab.com Text Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual JO: PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27175897 #FOAvip Extreme rituals (body-piercing, fire-walking, etc.) are anecdotally associated with altered states of consciousness?subjective alterations of ordinary mental functioning (Ward, 1984)?but empirical evidence of altered states using both direct and indirect measures during extreme rituals in naturalistic settings is limited. Participants in the ?Dance of Souls?, a 3.5-hour event during which participants received temporary piercings with hooks or weights attached to the piercings and danced to music provided by drummers, responded to measures of two altered states of consciousness. Participants also completed measures of positive and negative affect, salivary cortisol (a hormone associated with stress), self-reported stress, sexual arousal, and intimacy. Both pierced participants (pierced dancers) and non-pierced participants (piercers, piercing assistants, observers, drummers, and event leaders) showed evidence of altered states aligned with transient hypofrontality (Dietrich, 2003; measured with a Stroop test) and flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; measured with the Flow State Scale). Both pierced and non-pierced participants also reported decreases in negative affect and psychological stress and increases in intimacy from before to after the ritual. Pierced and non-pierced participants showed different physiological reactions, however, with pierced participants showing increases in cortisol and non-pierced participants showing decreases from before to during the ritual. Overall, the ritual appeared to induce different physiological effects but similar psychological effects in focal ritual participants (i.e., pierced dancers) and in participants adopting other roles. Twit Text FOAVip Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual ????PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27175897 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27175897 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27175897}}</ref> Altered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual #MMPMID27175897 Lee EM; Klement KR; Ambler JK; Loewald T; Comber EM; Hanson SA; Pruitt B; Sagarin BJ PLoS One 2016[]; 11 (5): ä PMID27175897show ga Extreme rituals (body-piercing, fire-walking, etc.) are anecdotally associated with altered states of consciousness?subjective alterations of ordinary mental functioning (Ward, 1984)?but empirical evidence of altered states using both direct and indirect measures during extreme rituals in naturalistic settings is limited. Participants in the ?Dance of Souls?, a 3.5-hour event during which participants received temporary piercings with hooks or weights attached to the piercings and danced to music provided by drummers, responded to measures of two altered states of consciousness. Participants also completed measures of positive and negative affect, salivary cortisol (a hormone associated with stress), self-reported stress, sexual arousal, and intimacy. Both pierced participants (pierced dancers) and non-pierced participants (piercers, piercing assistants, observers, drummers, and event leaders) showed evidence of altered states aligned with transient hypofrontality (Dietrich, 2003; measured with a Stroop test) and flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Csikszentmihalyi & Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; measured with the Flow State Scale). Both pierced and non-pierced participants also reported decreases in negative affect and psychological stress and increases in intimacy from before to after the ritual. Pierced and non-pierced participants showed different physiological reactions, however, with pierced participants showing increases in cortisol and non-pierced participants showing decreases from before to during the ritual. Overall, the ritual appeared to induce different physiological effects but similar psychological effects in focal ritual participants (i.e., pierced dancers) and in participants adopting other roles. äAltered States of Consciousness during an Extreme Ritual (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing