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10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.008 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.008 C4863460!4863460!26585883     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=26585883&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Contraception 2016 ; 93 (4): 337-46 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26585883|t=2016. Engineering and Characterization of Simplified Vaginal and Seminal Fluid Simulants |pdf=|usr=}}{{26585883}} gab.com Text Engineering and Characterization of Simplified Vaginal and Seminal Fluid Simulants JO: Contraception http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26585883 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Reported vaginal and seminal fluid simulants have complex compositions with multiple preparatory steps which contribute to physical instability. We report the design and characterization of stable and simplified buffers that mimic the salient physical-chemical properties of the physiological fluids. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Human cervicovaginal and seminal fluid samples were collected and buffering capacity was determined. The major buffering species were identified from published compositions of reproductive tract fluids. These values were used to compute the composition of vaginal and seminal fluid simulants. Ionic strength, buffering capacities, pH and osmolalities were then calculated or experimentally determined. Finally, cytotoxicity was evaluated in HEC-1-A cells and 3D reconstructed EpiVaginal?tissue (VEC-100-FT) using naïve cells/tissue and nonoxynol-9 as controls. RESULTS: The use of calculated amounts of conjugate acid and base for buffer development resulted in compositions that did not require end point pH adjustment and could be formulated as stable 10X concentrates. Furthermore, due to the absence of complex divalent salts, all our proposed simulants were stable at 4°C for 1 month whereas precipitation, and pH and osmolality changes were noted in reported buffers. Experimental determination of buffering capacities yielded similar values for undiluted cervicovaginal fluid (?4.2?5.2 = 35.6 ± 12.3 mM, N = 7) and human seminal fluid (?7?6 =37.5 ± 5 mM, N = 3). All neat simulants showed significant cytotoxicity in HEC-1-A cells but were well tolerated by organotypic vaginal tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We report revised and improved compositions of buffers mimicking salient properties of vaginal and seminal fluid necessary for in vitro product evaluation. Twit Text FOAVip Engineering and Characterization of Simplified Vaginal and Seminal Fluid Simulants ????Contraception http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26585883 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26585883 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26585883}}</ref> Engineering and Characterization of Simplified Vaginal and Seminal Fluid Simulants #MMPMID26585883 Rastogi R; Su J; Mahalingam A; Clark J; Sung S; Hope T; Kiser PF Contraception 2016[Apr]; 93 (4): 337-46 PMID26585883show ga BACKGROUND: Reported vaginal and seminal fluid simulants have complex compositions with multiple preparatory steps which contribute to physical instability. We report the design and characterization of stable and simplified buffers that mimic the salient physical-chemical properties of the physiological fluids. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS: Human cervicovaginal and seminal fluid samples were collected and buffering capacity was determined. The major buffering species were identified from published compositions of reproductive tract fluids. These values were used to compute the composition of vaginal and seminal fluid simulants. Ionic strength, buffering capacities, pH and osmolalities were then calculated or experimentally determined. Finally, cytotoxicity was evaluated in HEC-1-A cells and 3D reconstructed EpiVaginal?tissue (VEC-100-FT) using naïve cells/tissue and nonoxynol-9 as controls. RESULTS: The use of calculated amounts of conjugate acid and base for buffer development resulted in compositions that did not require end point pH adjustment and could be formulated as stable 10X concentrates. Furthermore, due to the absence of complex divalent salts, all our proposed simulants were stable at 4°C for 1 month whereas precipitation, and pH and osmolality changes were noted in reported buffers. Experimental determination of buffering capacities yielded similar values for undiluted cervicovaginal fluid (?4.2?5.2 = 35.6 ± 12.3 mM, N = 7) and human seminal fluid (?7?6 =37.5 ± 5 mM, N = 3). All neat simulants showed significant cytotoxicity in HEC-1-A cells but were well tolerated by organotypic vaginal tissue. CONCLUSIONS: We report revised and improved compositions of buffers mimicking salient properties of vaginal and seminal fluid necessary for in vitro product evaluation. äEngineering and Characterization of Simplified Vaginal and Seminal Flu(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing