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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cell+Mol+Neurobiol 2016 ; 36 (3): 417-27 Nephropedia Template TP
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Delivery of therapeutic proteins via extracellular vesicles: Review and potential treatments for Parkinson s disease, glioma and schwannoma #MMPMID27017608
Hall J; Prabhakar S; Balaj L; Lai CP; Cerione RA; Breakefield XO
Cell Mol Neurobiol 2016[Apr]; 36 (3): 417-27 PMID27017608show ga
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present an attractive delivery vehicle for therapeutic proteins. They intrinsically contain many proteins which can provide information to other cells. Advantages include reduced immune reactivity, especially if derived from the same host, stability in biologic fluids and ability to target uptake. Those from mesenchymal stem cells appear to be intrinsically therapeutic, while those from cancer cells promote tumor progression. Therapeutic proteins can be loaded into vesicles by overexpression in the donor cell, with oligomerization and membrane sequences increasing their loading. Examples of protein delivery for therapeutic benefit in pre-clinical models include delivery of: catalase for Parkinson?s disease to reduce oxidative stress and thus help neurons to survive; prodrug activating enzymes which can convert a prodrug which crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into a toxic chemotherapeutic drug for schwannomas and gliomas; and the apoptosis-inducing enzyme, caspase-1 (ICE) under a Schwann cell specific promoter for schwannoma. This therapeutic delivery strategy is novel and being explored for a number of diseases.