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2016 ; 44
(8
): 3503-12
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Simulated binding of transcription factors to active and inactive regions folds
human chromosomes into loops, rosettes and topological domains
#MMPMID27060145
Brackley CA
; Johnson J
; Kelly S
; Cook PR
; Marenduzzo D
Nucleic Acids Res
2016[May]; 44
(8
): 3503-12
PMID27060145
show ga
Biophysicists are modeling conformations of interphase chromosomes, often basing
the strengths of interactions between segments distant on the genetic map on
contact frequencies determined experimentally. Here, instead, we develop a
fitting-free, minimal model: bivalent or multivalent red and green 'transcription
factors' bind to cognate sites in strings of beads ('chromatin') to form
molecular bridges stabilizing loops. In the absence of additional explicit
forces, molecular dynamic simulations reveal that bound factors spontaneously
cluster-red with red, green with green, but rarely red with green-to give
structures reminiscent of transcription factories. Binding of just two
transcription factors (or proteins) to active and inactive regions of human
chromosomes yields rosettes, topological domains and contact maps much like those
seen experimentally. This emergent 'bridging-induced attraction' proves to be a
robust, simple and generic force able to organize interphase chromosomes at all
scales.