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2015 ; 349
(6245
): 316-20
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Inflammation Neutrophil extracellular traps license macrophages for cytokine
production in atherosclerosis
#MMPMID26185250
Warnatsch A
; Ioannou M
; Wang Q
; Papayannopoulos V
Science
2015[Jul]; 349
(6245
): 316-20
PMID26185250
show ga
Secretion of the cytokine interleukin-1? (IL-1?) by macrophages, a major driver
of pathogenesis in atherosclerosis, requires two steps: Priming signals promote
transcription of immature IL-1?, and then endogenous "danger" signals activate
innate immune signaling complexes called inflammasomes to process IL-1? for
secretion. Although cholesterol crystals are known to act as danger signals in
atherosclerosis, what primes IL-1? transcription remains elusive. Using a murine
model of atherosclerosis, we found that cholesterol crystals acted both as
priming and danger signals for IL-1? production. Cholesterol crystals triggered
neutrophils to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs primed
macrophages for cytokine release, activating T helper 17 (TH17) cells that
amplify immune cell recruitment in atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, danger
signals may drive sterile inflammation, such as that seen in atherosclerosis,
through their interactions with neutrophils.