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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 5736059
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Potential Therapies by Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in CNS Diseases: Focusing on
the Neurogenic Niche
#MMPMID27195011
Luarte A
; Bátiz LF
; Wyneken U
; Lafourcade C
Stem Cells Int
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 5736059
PMID27195011
show ga
Neurodegenerative disorders are one of the leading causes of death and disability
and one of the biggest burdens on health care systems. Novel approaches using
various types of stem cells have been proposed to treat common neurodegenerative
disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, or stroke. Moreover,
as the secretome of these cells appears to be of greater benefit compared to the
cells themselves, the extracellular components responsible for its therapeutic
benefit have been explored. Stem cells, as well as most cells, release
extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, which are nanovesicles able to target
specific cell types and thus to modify their function by delivering proteins,
lipids, and nucleic acids. Exosomes have recently been tested in vivo and in
vitro as therapeutic conveyors for the treatment of diseases. As such, they could
be engineered to target specific populations of cells within the CNS. Considering
the fact that many degenerative brain diseases have an impact on adult
neurogenesis, we discuss how the modulation of the adult neurogenic niches may be
a therapeutic target of stem cell-derived exosomes. These novel approaches should
be examined in cellular and animal models to provide better, more effective, and
specific therapeutic tools in the future.