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2016 ; 62
(ä): 1-24
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Recent progress on lipid lateral heterogeneity in plasma membranes: From rafts to
submicrometric domains
#MMPMID26738447
Carquin M
; D'Auria L
; Pollet H
; Bongarzone ER
; Tyteca D
Prog Lipid Res
2016[Apr]; 62
(ä): 1-24
PMID26738447
show ga
The concept of transient nanometric domains known as lipid rafts has brought
interest to reassess the validity of the Singer-Nicolson model of a fluid bilayer
for cell membranes. However, this new view is still insufficient to explain the
cellular control of surface lipid diversity or membrane deformability. During the
past decades, the hypothesis that some lipids form large
(submicrometric/mesoscale vs nanometric rafts) and stable (>min vs s) membrane
domains has emerged, largely based on indirect methods. Morphological evidence
for stable submicrometric lipid domains, well-accepted for artificial and highly
specialized biological membranes, was further reported for a variety of living
cells from prokaryot es to yeast and mammalian cells. However, results remained
questioned based on limitations of available fluorescent tools, use of poor lipid
fixatives, and imaging artifacts due to non-resolved membrane projections. In
this review, we will discuss recent evidence generated using powerful and
innovative approaches such as lipid-specific toxin fragments that support the
existence of submicrometric domains. We will integrate documented mechanisms
involved in the formation and maintenance of these domains, and provide a
perspective on their relevance on membrane deformability and regulation of
membrane protein distribution.