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2016 ; 16
(ä): 123
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Asiatic acid attenuates renin-angiotensin system activation and improves vascular
function in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet fed rats
#MMPMID27121076
Maneesai P
; Bunbupha S
; Kukongviriyapan U
; Prachaney P
; Tangsucharit P
; Kukongviriyapan V
; Pakdeechote P
BMC Complement Altern Med
2016[Apr]; 16
(ä): 123
PMID27121076
show ga
BACKGROUND: In the rat model of high carbohydrate, high fat (HCHF) diet-induced
metabolic syndrome (MS), previous studies have found that asiatic acid has an
antihypertensive effect. In this study, we investigated effects of asiatic acid
on vascular structure, vascular function and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in
HCHF diet-induced MS rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into
three treatment groups for the 15 week study: a control group fed a normal diet,
a MS group fed HCHF diet plus 15 % fructose in their drinking water for 15 weeks,
and an asiatic acid treated group that received a HCHF diet plus fructose for 15
weeks and also received orally administered asiatic acid (20 mg/kg BW/day) for
the final 3 weeks. Vascular structure and function were investigated. AT1
receptor expression in aortic tissues and eNOS protein expression in the
mesenteric arteries were detected. The levels of serum angiotensin (Ang) II,
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and plasma norepinephrine (NE) were measured.
The differences among treatment groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of
variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc Bonferroni tests. RESULTS: At the end of
the study, all rats fed a HCHF diet exhibited signs of MS including,
hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Vascular remodeling in large
and small arteries, overexpression of AT1 receptor, and high levels of serum Ang
II and ACE were also observed in MS group (p < 0.05). Contractile responses to
sympathetic nerve stimulation were enhanced relating to high plasma NE level in
MS rats (p < 0.05). The response to exogenous NE was not changed in the
mesenteric bed. Vasorelaxation responses to acetylcholine were blunted in
thoracic aorta and mesenteric beds, which is consistent with downregulation of
eNOS expression in MS rats (p < 0.05). Restoration of metabolic alterations,
hemodynamic changes, RAS and sympathetic overactivity, increased plasma NE,
endothelium dysfunction, and downregulation of eNOS expression was observed in
the asiatic acid treated group (p < 0.05). However, asiatic acid failed to
alleviate vascular remodeling in MS rats. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that
the observed antihypertensive effect of asiatic acid in MS rats might be related
to its ability to alleviate RAS overactivity and improve vascular function with
restoration of sympathetic overactivity.
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