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2016 ; 17
(4
): 494
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Diagnosing Lung Cancers through Examination of Micro-RNA Biomarkers in Blood,
Plasma, Serum and Sputum: A Review and Summary of Current Literature
#MMPMID27043555
Gyoba J
; Shan S
; Roa W
; Bédard EL
Int J Mol Sci
2016[Apr]; 17
(4
): 494
PMID27043555
show ga
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Currently, the vast majority of lung cancers are diagnosed at a late
stage, when patients become symptomatic leading to dismal, less than 15%
five-year survival rates. Evidence has demonstrated that screening computed
tomography scans can be used to detect lung cancer, but these scans have high
false positive rates. Therefore, there is a continued need for the development of
minimally-invasive methods to screen the high risk population and diagnose lung
cancer at an earlier, curable stage. One such promising area is the use
micro-RNAs. These are short, non-coding RNA molecules that have been shown in
previous research to be dysregulated in cancers. This review will focus on the
potential use of miRNA levels in various biological fluids (whole blood, plasma,
serum, and sputum) and demonstrate their potential utility as screening and
diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Current research will be analyzed and
compared, and future directions in establishing the use of miRNAs for detecting
lung cancer will be discussed.