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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Circ+Res 2016 ; 118 (8): 1208-22 Nephropedia Template TP
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Loss of Adult Cardiac Myocyte GSK-3 Leads to Mitotic Catastrophe Resulting in Fatal Dilated Cardiomyopathy #MMPMID26976650
Zhou J; Ahmad F; Parikh S; Hoffman NE; Rajan S; Verma VK; Song J; Yuan A; Shanmughapriya S; Guo Y; Gao E; Koch W; Woodgett JR; Muniswamy M; Kishore R; Lal H; Force T
Circ Res 2016[Apr]; 118 (8): 1208-22 PMID26976650show ga
Rationale: Cardiac myocyte-specific deletion of either Glycogen Synthase Kinase (GSK)3A or GSK3B leads to cardiac protection following myocardial infarction, suggesting that deletion of both isoforms may provide synergistic protection. This is an important consideration due to the fact that all GSK-3?targeted drugs including the drugs already in clinical trial target both isoforms of GSK-3 and none are isoform specific. Objective: To identify the consequences of combined deletion of cardiac myocyte GSK3A and GSK3B in heart function. Methods and Results: We generated tamoxifen-inducible cardiac myocyte-specific mice lacking both GSK-3 isoforms (double knockout, DKO). We unexpectedly found that cardiac myocyte GSK-3 is essential for cardiac homeostasis and overall survival. Serial echocardiographic analysis reveals that within 2 weeks of tamoxifen treatment, DKO hearts leads to excessive dilatative remodeling and ventricular dysfunction. Further experimentation with isolated adult cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts from DKO implicated cardiac myocytes intrinsic factors responsible for observed phenotype. Mechanistically, loss of GSK-3 in adult cardiac myocytes resulted in induction of mitotic catastrophe, a previously unreported event in cardiac myocytes. DKO cardiac myocytes showed cell cycle progression resulting in increased DNA content and multi-nucleation. However, increased cell cycle activity was rivaled by marked activation of DNA damage, cell cycle checkpoint activation, and mitotic catastrophe induced apoptotic cell death. Importantly, mitotic catastrophe was also confirmed in isolated adult cardiac myocytes. Conclusion: Together, our findings suggest that cardiac myocyte GSK-3 is required to maintain normal cardiac homeostasis and its loss is incompatible with life due to cell cycle dysregulation that ultimately results in a severe fatal dilated cardiomyopathy.