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2016 ; 24
(11
): 557-74
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Selenoprotein T Exerts an Essential Oxidoreductase Activity That Protects
Dopaminergic Neurons in Mouse Models of Parkinson s Disease
#MMPMID26866473
Boukhzar L
; Hamieh A
; Cartier D
; Tanguy Y
; Alsharif I
; Castex M
; Arabo A
; El Hajji S
; Bonnet JJ
; Errami M
; Falluel-Morel A
; Chagraoui A
; Lihrmann I
; Anouar Y
Antioxid Redox Signal
2016[Apr]; 24
(11
): 557-74
PMID26866473
show ga
AIMS: Oxidative stress is central to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
(PD), but the mechanisms involved in the control of this stress in dopaminergic
cells are not fully understood. There is increasing evidence that selenoproteins
play a central role in the control of redox homeostasis and cell defense, but the
precise contribution of members of this family of proteins during the course of
neurodegenerative diseases is still elusive. RESULTS: We demonstrated first that
selenoprotein T (SelT) whose gene disruption is lethal during embryogenesis,
exerts a potent oxidoreductase activity. In the SH-SY5Y cell model of
dopaminergic neurons, both silencing and overexpression of SelT affected
oxidative stress and cell survival. Treatment with PD-inducing neurotoxins such
as 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or rotenone triggered SelT
expression in the nigrostriatal pathway of wild-type mice, but provoked rapid and
severe parkinsonian-like motor defects in conditional brain SelT-deficient mice.
This motor impairment was associated with marked oxidative stress and
neurodegeneration and decreased tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine levels
in the nigrostriatal system. Finally, in PD patients, we report that SelT is
tremendously increased in the caudate putamen tissue. INNOVATION: These results
reveal the activity of a novel selenoprotein enzyme that protects dopaminergic
neurons against oxidative stress and prevents early and severe movement
impairment in animal models of PD. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that
selenoproteins such as SelT play a crucial role in the protection of dopaminergic
neurons against oxidative stress and cell death, providing insight into the
molecular underpinnings of this stress in PD.