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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Diabetes 2016 ; 65 (5): 1208-18 Nephropedia Template TP
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Inhibition of TGF-? Signaling Promotes Human Pancreatic ?-Cell Replication #MMPMID26936960
Dhawan S; Dirice E; Kulkarni RN; Bhushan A
Diabetes 2016[May]; 65 (5): 1208-18 PMID26936960show ga
Diabetes is associated with loss of functional pancreatic ?-cells, and restoration of ?-cells is a major goal for regenerative therapies. Endogenous regeneration of ?-cells via ?-cell replication has the potential to restore cellular mass; however, pharmacological agents that promote regeneration or expansion of endogenous ?-cells have been elusive. The regenerative capacity of ?-cells declines rapidly with age, due to accumulation of p16INK4a, resulting in limited capacity for adult endocrine pancreas regeneration. Here, we show that transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) signaling via Smad3 integrates with the trithorax complex to activate and maintain Ink4a expression to prevent ?-cell replication. Importantly, inhibition of TGF-? signaling can result in repression of the Ink4a/Arf locus, resulting in increased ?-cell replication in adult mice. Furthermore, small molecule inhibitors of the TGF-? pathway promote ?-cell replication in human islets transplanted into NOD-scid IL-2Rgnull mice. These data reveal a novel role for TGF-? signaling in the regulation of the Ink4a/Arf locus and highlight the potential of using small molecule inhibitors of TGF-? signaling to promote human ?-cell replication.