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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 2183026
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English Wikipedia
ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Brain, Heart, Kidney, and Testis
Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
#MMPMID27127546
Minutoli L
; Puzzolo D
; Rinaldi M
; Irrera N
; Marini H
; Arcoraci V
; Bitto A
; Crea G
; Pisani A
; Squadrito F
; Trichilo V
; Bruschetta D
; Micali A
; Altavilla D
Oxid Med Cell Longev
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 2183026
PMID27127546
show ga
Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) causes a reduction in arterial blood supply to
tissues, followed by the restoration of perfusion and consequent reoxygenation.
The reestablishment of blood flow triggers further damage to the ischemic tissue
through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, interference with cellular
ion homeostasis, and inflammatory responses to cell death. In normal conditions,
ROS mediate important beneficial responses. When their production is prolonged or
elevated, harmful events are observed with peculiar cellular changes. In
particular, during I/R, ROS stimulate tissue inflammation and induce NLRP3
inflammasome activation. The mechanisms underlying the activation of NLRP3 are
several and not completely elucidated. It was recently shown that NLRP3 might
sense directly the presence of ROS produced by normal or malfunctioning
mitochondria or indirectly by other activators of NLRP3. Aim of the present
review is to describe the current knowledge on the role of NLRP3 in some organs
(brain, heart, kidney, and testis) after I/R injury, with particular regard to
the role played by ROS in its activation. Furthermore, as no specific therapy for
the prevention or treatment of the high mortality and morbidity associated with
I/R is available, the state of the art of the development of novel therapeutic
approaches is illustrated.