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2016 ; 15
(ä): 38
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Several insights into the preprocessing of electrograms in atrial fibrillation
for dominant frequency analysis
#MMPMID27067549
Li W
; Yang C
; Wang Y
; Wang D
; Chen Y
; Wu Z
Biomed Eng Online
2016[Apr]; 15
(ä): 38
PMID27067549
show ga
BACKGROUND: Dominant frequency (DF) analysis of atrial electrograms has become an
important method in characterizing atrial fibrillation (AF). As a classic method,
Botteron's approach is widely used in the preprocessing of frequency analysis
during AF. It includes three steps: (1) band-pass filtering at 40-250 Hz, (2)
absolute value, and (3) low-pass filtering at 20 Hz. This paper aims to expound
the necessity and adjustability of each step. METHODS AND RESULTS: Unipolar
epicardial mapping signals were recorded during AF from eight mongrel dogs with
cholinergic AF model. Episodes of these data were randomly selected to evaluate
the impact of different pass bands and the necessity of low-pass filtering with
20 Hz cutoff frequency. Each episode of AF signal is 5 s long with a sampling
rate of 2 kHz. Simulated electrograms were adopted to discuss the role of taking
absolute value. Furthermore, direct spectral analysis method (FFT et al.) is
compared with Botteron's preprocessing approach. According to our statistical
analysis, the pass band of 40-250 Hz was not the best, while 20-100 Hz presented
the high accuracy rate of DF. From the comparing result of direct FFT without
Botteron's approach we deduced that the rectification of absolute value was
meaningful for the fundamental atrial frequency. The final step, 20 Hz low-pass
filter can completely be omitted in DF analysis. In consideration of the demand
for real-time distribution of DF in clinical or experimental situations,
down-sampling method and the impact of ventricular artifacts on DF was also
discussed. CONCLUSION: In the actual application of the three preprocessing
steps, the pass band selection of band-pass filter can be adjusted and the
rectification of taking absolute value is important. Nevertheless, the final step
of 20 Hz low-pass filter is totally unnecessary. In real-time signal processing
situations, taking down-sampling method and ignoring the ventricular artifacts
can also have high performance in DF analysis of atrial electrograms.
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