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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Cell 2016 ; 165 (2): 357-71 Nephropedia Template TP
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RNA Polymerase II Regulates Topoisomerase 1 Activity to Favor Efficient Transcription #MMPMID27058666
Baranello L; Wojtowicz D; Cui K; Devaiah BN; Chung HJ; Chan-Salis KY; Guha R; Wilson K; Zhang X; Zhang H; Piotrowski J; Thomas C; Singer DS; Pugh BF; Pommier Y; Przytycka TM; Kouzine F; Lewis BA; Zhao K; Levens D
Cell 2016[Apr]; 165 (2): 357-71 PMID27058666show ga
We report a mechanism through which the transcription machinery directly controls topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) activity to adjust DNA topology throughout the transcription cycle. By comparing TOP1 occupancy using ChIP-Seq, versus TOP1 activity using TOP1-Seq, a method reported here to map catalytically engaged TOP1, TOP1 bound at promoters was discovered to become fully active only after pause-release. This transition coupled the phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal-domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) with stimulation of TOP1 above its basal rate, enhancing its processivity. TOP1 stimulation is strongly dependent on the kinase activity of BRD4, a protein that phosphorylates Ser2-CTD and regulates RNAPII pause-release. Thus the coordinated action of BRD4 and TOP1 overcame the torsional stress opposing transcription as RNAPII commenced elongation, but preserved negative supercoiling that assists promoter melting at start sites. This nexus between transcription and DNA topology promises to elicit new strategies to intercept pathological gene expression.