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2016 ; 165
(2
): 396-409
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A Small RNA-Catalytic Argonaute Pathway Tunes Germline Transcript Levels to
Ensure Embryonic Divisions
#MMPMID27020753
Gerson-Gurwitz A
; Wang S
; Sathe S
; Green R
; Yeo GW
; Oegema K
; Desai A
Cell
2016[Apr]; 165
(2
): 396-409
PMID27020753
show ga
Multiple division cycles without growth are a characteristic feature of early
embryogenesis. The female germline loads proteins and RNAs into oocytes to
support these divisions, which lack many quality control mechanisms operating in
somatic cells undergoing growth. Here, we describe a small RNA-Argonaute pathway
that ensures early embryonic divisions in C. elegans by employing catalytic
slicing activity to broadly tune, instead of silence, germline gene expression.
Misregulation of one target, a kinesin-13 microtubule depolymerase, underlies a
major phenotype associated with pathway loss. Tuning of target transcript levels
is guided by the density of homologous small RNAs, whose generation must
ultimately be related to target sequence. Thus, the tuning action of a small
RNA-catalytic Argonaute pathway generates oocytes capable of supporting
embryogenesis. We speculate that the specialized nature of germline chromatin led
to the emergence of small RNA-catalytic Argonaute pathways in the female germline
as a post-transcriptional control layer to optimize oocyte composition.