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2016 ; 291
(15
): 8004-13
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Kinetics of Nitrite Reduction and Peroxynitrite Formation by Ferrous Heme in
Human Cystathionine ?-Synthase
#MMPMID26867575
Carballal S
; Cuevasanta E
; Yadav PK
; Gherasim C
; Ballou DP
; Alvarez B
; Banerjee R
J Biol Chem
2016[Apr]; 291
(15
): 8004-13
PMID26867575
show ga
Cystathionine ?-synthase (CBS) is a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme that
catalyzes the condensation of homocysteine with serine or with cysteine to form
cystathionine and either water or hydrogen sulfide, respectively. Human CBS
possesses a noncatalytic heme cofactor with cysteine and histidine as ligands,
which in its oxidized state is relatively unreactive. Ferric CBS (Fe(III)-CBS)
can be reduced by strong chemical and biochemical reductants to Fe(II)-CBS, which
can bind carbon monoxide (CO) or nitric oxide (NO(?)), leading to inactive
enzyme. Alternatively, Fe(II)-CBS can be reoxidized by O2to Fe(III)-CBS, forming
superoxide radical anion (O2 (??)). In this study, we describe the kinetics of
nitrite (NO2 (-)) reduction by Fe(II)-CBS to form Fe(II)NO(?)-CBS. The second
order rate constant for the reaction of Fe(II)-CBS with nitrite was obtained at
low dithionite concentrations. Reoxidation of Fe(II)NO(?)-CBS by O2showed complex
kinetic behavior and led to peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) formation, which was detected
using the fluorescent probe, coumarin boronic acid. Thus, in addition to being a
potential source of superoxide radical, CBS constitutes a previously unrecognized
source of NO(?)and peroxynitrite.