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2016 ; 7
(ä): 53
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Mini Review: Circular RNAs as Potential Clinical Biomarkers for Disorders in the
Central Nervous System
#MMPMID27092176
Lu D
; Xu AD
Front Genet
2016[]; 7
(ä): 53
PMID27092176
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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), produced in
eukaryotic cells during post-transcriptional processes. They are more stable than
linear RNAs, and possess spatio-temporal properties. CircRNAs do not distribute
equally in the neuronal compartments in the brain, but largely enriched in the
synapses. These ncRNA species can be used as potential clinical biomarkers in
complex disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), which is supported by
recent findings. For example, ciRS-7 was found to be a natural microRNAs sponge
for miRNA-7 and regulate Parkinson's disease/Alzheimer's disease-related genes;
circPAIP2 is an intron-retaining circRNA which upregulates memory-related
parental genes PAIP2 to affect memory development through PABP reactivation. The
quantity of circRNAs carry important messages, either when they are inside the
cells, or in circulation, or in exosomes released from synaptoneurosomes and
endothelial. In addition, small molecules such as microRNAs and microvesicles can
pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and get into blood. For clinical
applications, the study population needs to be phenotypically well-defined.
CircRNAs may be combined with other biomarkers and imaging tools to improve the
diagnostic power.