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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Front+Neurosci
2016 ; 10
(ä): 149
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gab.com Text
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The Role of Astrocytes in the Generation, Migration, and Integration of New
Neurons in the Adult Olfactory Bulb
#MMPMID27092050
Gengatharan A
; Bammann RR
; Saghatelyan A
Front Neurosci
2016[]; 10
(ä): 149
PMID27092050
show ga
In mammals, new neurons in the adult olfactory bulb originate from a pool of
neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles.
Adult-born cells play an important role in odor information processing by
adjusting the neuronal network to changing environmental conditions. Olfactory
bulb neurogenesis is supported by several non-neuronal cells. In this review, we
focus on the role of astroglial cells in the generation, migration, integration,
and survival of new neurons in the adult forebrain. In the subventricular zone,
neural stem cells with astrocytic properties display regional and temporal
specificity when generating different neuronal subtypes. Non-neurogenic
astrocytes contribute to the establishment and maintenance of the neurogenic
niche. Neuroblast chains migrate through the rostral migratory stream ensheathed
by astrocytic processes. Astrocytes play an important regulatory role in
neuroblast migration and also assist in the development of a vasculature scaffold
in the migratory stream that is essential for neuroblast migration in the
postnatal brain. In the olfactory bulb, astrocytes help to modulate the network
through a complex release of cytokines, regulate blood flow, and provide
metabolic support, which may promote the integration and survival of new neurons.
Astrocytes thus play a pivotal role in various processes of adult olfactory bulb
neurogenesis, and it is likely that many other functions of these glial cells
will emerge in the near future.