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10.1111/acer.13009 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1111/acer.13009 C4820360!4820360!26996455     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 276.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Alcohol+Clin+Exp+Res 2016 ; 40 (4): 734-42 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26996455|t=2016. The Interaction of Ethanol Ingestion and Social Interaction with an Intoxicated Peer on the Odor-Mediated Response to the Drug in Adolescent Rats |pdf=|usr=}}{{26996455}} gab.com Text The Interaction of Ethanol Ingestion and Social Interaction with an Intoxicated Peer on the Odor-Mediated Response to the Drug in Adolescent Rats JO: Alcohol Clin Exp Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26996455 #FOAvip Background: Using a social transmission of food preference paradigm in rats, we previously demonstrated that ethanol exposure during adolescence, as either an observer (interaction with an intoxicated conspecific) or demonstrator (intragastric infusion with ethanol), altered the reflexive odor-mediated responses to the drug. The two modes of exposure were equivalent in the magnitude of their effects. Human adolescents, however, are likely to experience the drug in a social setting as both an ethanol observer and demonstrator. That is, both interacting with an intoxicated peer and experiencing ethanol?s post-ingestive consequences in conjunction with hematogenic olfaction. Therefore, we tested whether combined adolescent exposure as both an observer and demonstrator differed from either form of individual experience. Methods: Beginning on postnatal day (P) 29, naïve rats received ethanol or water exposures in a social interaction paradigm as either an observer, a demonstrator or combined experience (where each animal in the interaction was, itself, an observer and demonstrator). Exposures occurred four times, once every 48 hours. On P37, the reflexive behavioral response to ethanol odor was tested, using whole-body plethysmography. Results: The odor-mediated responses of adolescent ethanol observers, demonstrators and combined exposure animals all significantly differed from controls. Compared to controls, however, the magnitude of the behavioral effect was greatest in the combined exposure animals. Moreover, combined exposure as both an ethanol observer and demonstrator significantly differed from either form of individual ethanol experience. Conclusions: Ethanol?s component chemosensory qualities are known to be central contributors to its acceptance and increases in the acceptability of ethanol?s odor, resulting from a social transmission experience, are predictive of enhanced ethanol avidity in adolescence. Our findings demonstrate that combined exposure as an observer and demonstrator, within a socially relevant framework, may represent a higher risk scenario for increased ethanol avidity in adolescence (and by extension adult persistence) as compared to the individual effects of direct ingestion or social experience with the drug. Twit Text FOAVip The Interaction of Ethanol Ingestion and Social Interaction with an Intoxicated Peer on the Odor-Mediated Response to the Drug in Adolescent Rats ????Alcohol Clin Exp Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26996455 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26996455 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26996455}}</ref> The Interaction of Ethanol Ingestion and Social Interaction with an Intoxicated Peer on the Odor-Mediated Response to the Drug in Adolescent Rats #MMPMID26996455 Eade AM; Youngentob LM; Youngentob SL Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016[Apr]; 40 (4): 734-42 PMID26996455show ga Background: Using a social transmission of food preference paradigm in rats, we previously demonstrated that ethanol exposure during adolescence, as either an observer (interaction with an intoxicated conspecific) or demonstrator (intragastric infusion with ethanol), altered the reflexive odor-mediated responses to the drug. The two modes of exposure were equivalent in the magnitude of their effects. Human adolescents, however, are likely to experience the drug in a social setting as both an ethanol observer and demonstrator. That is, both interacting with an intoxicated peer and experiencing ethanol?s post-ingestive consequences in conjunction with hematogenic olfaction. Therefore, we tested whether combined adolescent exposure as both an observer and demonstrator differed from either form of individual experience. Methods: Beginning on postnatal day (P) 29, naïve rats received ethanol or water exposures in a social interaction paradigm as either an observer, a demonstrator or combined experience (where each animal in the interaction was, itself, an observer and demonstrator). Exposures occurred four times, once every 48 hours. On P37, the reflexive behavioral response to ethanol odor was tested, using whole-body plethysmography. Results: The odor-mediated responses of adolescent ethanol observers, demonstrators and combined exposure animals all significantly differed from controls. Compared to controls, however, the magnitude of the behavioral effect was greatest in the combined exposure animals. Moreover, combined exposure as both an ethanol observer and demonstrator significantly differed from either form of individual ethanol experience. Conclusions: Ethanol?s component chemosensory qualities are known to be central contributors to its acceptance and increases in the acceptability of ethanol?s odor, resulting from a social transmission experience, are predictive of enhanced ethanol avidity in adolescence. Our findings demonstrate that combined exposure as an observer and demonstrator, within a socially relevant framework, may represent a higher risk scenario for increased ethanol avidity in adolescence (and by extension adult persistence) as compared to the individual effects of direct ingestion or social experience with the drug. äThe Interaction of Ethanol Ingestion and Social Interaction with an In(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing