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2016 ; 7
(1
): e2051
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HSP90 activity is required for MLKL oligomerisation and membrane translocation
and the induction of necroptotic cell death
#MMPMID26775703
Jacobsen AV
; Lowes KN
; Tanzer MC
; Lucet IS
; Hildebrand JM
; Petrie EJ
; van Delft MF
; Liu Z
; Conos SA
; Zhang JG
; Huang DC
; Silke J
; Lessene G
; Murphy JM
Cell Death Dis
2016[Jan]; 7
(1
): e2051
PMID26775703
show ga
Necroptosis is a caspase-independent form of regulated cell death that has been
implicated in the development of a range of inflammatory, autoimmune and
neurodegenerative diseases. The pseudokinase, Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like
(MLKL), is the most terminal known obligatory effector in the necroptosis
pathway, and is activated following phosphorylation by Receptor Interacting
Protein Kinase-3 (RIPK3). Activated MLKL translocates to membranes, leading to
membrane destabilisation and subsequent cell death. However, the molecular
interactions governing the processes downstream of RIPK3 activation remain poorly
defined. Using a phenotypic screen, we identified seven heat-shock protein 90
(HSP90) inhibitors that inhibited necroptosis in both wild-type fibroblasts and
fibroblasts expressing an activated mutant of MLKL. We observed a modest
reduction in MLKL protein levels in human and murine cells following HSP90
inhibition, which was only apparent after 15?h of treatment. The delayed
reduction in MLKL protein abundance was unlikely to completely account for
defective necroptosis, and, consistent with this, we also found inhibition of
HSP90 blocked membrane translocation of activated MLKL. Together, these findings
implicate HSP90 as a modulator of necroptosis at the level of MLKL, a function
that complements HSP90's previously demonstrated modulation of the upstream
necroptosis effector kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3.