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2016 ; 7
(ä): 211
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Evolution of Tonal Organization in Music Optimizes Neural Mechanisms in Symbolic
Encoding of Perceptual Reality Part-2: Ancient to Seventeenth Century
#MMPMID27065893
Nikolsky A
Front Psychol
2016[]; 7
(ä): 211
PMID27065893
show ga
This paper reveals the way in which musical pitch works as a peculiar form of
cognition that reflects upon the organization of the surrounding world as
perceived by majority of music users within a socio-cultural formation. Part-1 of
this paper described the origin of tonal organization from verbal speech, its
progress from indefinite to definite pitch, and the emergence of two main
harmonic orders: heptatonic and pentatonic, each characterized by its own method
of handling tension at both domains, of tonal and social organization. Part-2,
here, completes the line of historic development from Antiquity to seventeenth
century. Vast archeological data is used to identify the perception of music
structures that tells apart the temple/palace music of urban civilizations and
the folk music of village cultures. The "mega-pitch-set" (MPS) organization is
found to constitute the principal contribution of a math-based music theory to a
new diatonic order. All ramifications for psychology of music are discussed in
detail. "Non-octave hypermode" is identified as a peculiar homogenous type of
MPS, typical for plainchant. The origin of chromaticism is thoroughly examined as
an earmark of "art-music" that opposes earlier forms of folk music. The role of
aesthetic emotions in formation of chromatic alteration is defined. The
development of chromatic system is traced throughout history, highlighting its
modern implementation in "hemiolic modes." The connection between tonal
organization in music and spatial organization in pictorial art is established in
the Baroque culture, and then tracked back to prehistoric times. Both are shown
to present a form of abstraction of environmental topographic schemes, and music
is proposed as the primary medium for its cultivation through the concept of
pitch. The comparison of stages of tonal organization and typologies of musical
texture is used to define the overall course of tonal evolution. Tonal
organization of pitch reflects the culture of thinking, adopted as a standard to
optimize individual perception of reality within a social group in a way optimal
for one's success, thereby setting the conventions of intellectual and emotional
intelligence.