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2016 ; 8
(3
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Shiga Toxins as Multi-Functional Proteins: Induction of Host Cellular Stress
Responses, Role in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Applications
#MMPMID26999205
Lee MS
; Koo S
; Jeong DG
; Tesh VL
Toxins (Basel)
2016[Mar]; 8
(3
): ä PMID26999205
show ga
Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria Shigella
dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of Escherichia coli are primary
virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to
potentially fatal systemic complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and
central nervous system abnormalities. Current therapeutic options to treat
patients infected with toxin-producing bacteria are limited. The structures of
Stxs, toxin-receptor binding, intracellular transport and the mode of action of
the toxins have been well defined. However, in the last decade, numerous studies
have demonstrated that in addition to being potent protein synthesis inhibitors,
Stxs are also multifunctional proteins capable of activating multiple cell stress
signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, autophagy or activation of the
innate immune response. Here, we briefly present the current understanding of
Stx-activated signaling pathways and provide a concise review of therapeutic
applications to target tumors by engineering the toxins.
|*Shiga Toxins/chemistry/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Protein Conformation
[MESH]
|Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/chemistry/pharmacology/therapeutic use
[MESH]