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2016 ; 5
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): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Disease Transmission by Misfolded Prion-Protein Isoforms, Prion-Like Amyloids,
Functional Amyloids and the Central Dogma
#MMPMID26742083
Daus ML
Biology (Basel)
2016[Jan]; 5
(1
): ä PMID26742083
show ga
In 1982, the term "prions" (proteinaceous infectious particles) was coined to
specify a new principle of infection. A misfolded isoform of a cellular protein
has been described as the causative agent of a fatal neurodegenerative disease.
At the beginning of prion research scientists assumed that the infectious agent
causing transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) was a virus, but some
unconventional properties of these pathogens were difficult to bring in line with
the prevailing viral model. The discovery that prions (obviously devoid of any
coding nucleic acid) can store and transmit information similarly to DNA was
initially even denoted as being "heretical" but is nowadays mainly accepted by
the scientific community. This review describes, from a historical point of view,
how the "protein-only hypothesis" expands the Central Dogma. Definition of both,
the prion principle and the Central Dogma, have been essential steps to
understand information storage and transfer within and among cells and organisms.
Furthermore, the current understanding of the infectivity of prion-proteins after
misfolding is summarized succinctly. Finally, prion-like amyloids and functional
amyloids, as found in yeast and bacteria, will be discussed.