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2016 ; 12
(3
): e1005517
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An Immature Myeloid/Myeloid-Suppressor Cell Response Associated with Necrotizing
Inflammation Mediates Lethal Pulmonary Tularemia
#MMPMID27015566
Periasamy S
; Avram D
; McCabe A
; MacNamara KC
; Sellati TJ
; Harton JA
PLoS Pathog
2016[Mar]; 12
(3
): e1005517
PMID27015566
show ga
Inhalation of Francisella tularensis (Ft) causes acute and fatal pneumonia. The
lung cytokine milieu favors exponential Ft replication, but the mechanisms
underlying acute pathogenesis and death remain unknown. Evaluation of the
sequential and systemic host immune response in pulmonary tularemia reveals that
in contrast to overwhelming bacterial burden or cytokine production, an overt
innate cellular response to Ft drives tissue pathology and host mortality. Lethal
infection with Ft elicits medullary and extra-medullary myelopoiesis supporting
recruitment of large numbers of immature myeloid cells and MDSC to the lungs.
These cells fail to mature and die, leading to subsequent necrotic lung damage,
loss of pulmonary function, and host death that is partially dependent upon
immature Ly6G+ cells. Acceleration of this process may account for the rapid
lethality seen with Ft SchuS4. In contrast, during sub-lethal infection with Ft
LVS the pulmonary cellular response is characterized by a predominance of mature
neutrophils and monocytes required for protection, suggesting a required
threshold for lethal bacterial infection. Further, eliciting a mature phagocyte
response provides transient, but dramatic, innate protection against Ft SchuS4.
This study reveals that the nature of the myeloid cell response may be the
primary determinant of host mortality versus survival following Francisella
infection.