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2016 ; 7
(ä): 369
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The Social Perception of Heroes and Murderers: Effects of Gender-Inclusive
Language in Media Reports
#MMPMID27047410
Hansen K
; Littwitz C
; Sczesny S
Front Psychol
2016[]; 7
(ä): 369
PMID27047410
show ga
The way media depict women and men can reinforce or diminish gender stereotyping.
Which part does language play in this context? Are roles perceived as more
gender-balanced when feminine role nouns are used in addition to masculine ones?
Research on gender-inclusive language shows that the use of feminine-masculine
word pairs tends to increase the visibility of women in various social roles. For
example, when speakers of German were asked to name their favorite "heroine or
hero in a novel," they listed more female characters than when asked to name
their favorite "hero in a novel." The research reported in this article examines
how the use of gender-inclusive language in news reports affects readers' own
usage of such forms as well as their mental representation of women and men in
the respective roles. In the main experiment, German participants (N = 256) read
short reports about heroes or murderers which contained either masculine generics
or gender-inclusive forms (feminine-masculine word pairs). Gender-inclusive forms
enhanced participants' own usage of gender-inclusive language and this resulted
in more gender-balanced mental representations of these roles. Reading about
"heroines and heroes" made participants assume a higher percentage of women among
persons performing heroic acts than reading about "heroes" only, but there was no
such effect for murderers. A post-test suggested that this might be due to a
higher accessibility of female exemplars in the category heroes than in the
category murderers. Importantly, the influence of gender-inclusive language on
the perceived percentage of women in a role was mediated by speakers' own usage
of inclusive forms. This suggests that people who encounter gender-inclusive
forms and are given an opportunity to use them, use them more themselves and in
turn have more gender-balanced mental representations of social roles.