Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26589246
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Int+J+Epidemiol
2016 ; 45
(1
): 102-16
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Risk factors for transmission of Ebola or Marburg virus disease: a systematic
review and meta-analysis
#MMPMID26589246
Brainard J
; Hooper L
; Pond K
; Edmunds K
; Hunter PR
Int J Epidemiol
2016[Feb]; 45
(1
): 102-16
PMID26589246
show ga
BACKGROUND: The Ebola virus disease outbreak that started in Western Africa in
2013 was unprecedented because it spread within densely populated urban
environments and affected many thousands of people. As a result, previous advice
and guidelines need to be critically reviewed, especially with regard to
transmission risks in different contexts. METHODS: Scientific and grey literature
were searched for articles about any African filovirus. Articles were screened
for information about transmission (prevalence or odds ratios especially). Data
were extracted from eligible articles and summarized narratively with partial
meta-analysis. Study quality was also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 31 reports
were selected from 6552 found in the initial search. Eight papers gave numerical
odds for contracting filovirus illness; 23 further articles provided supporting
anecdotal observations about how transmission probably occurred for individuals.
Many forms of contact (conversation, sharing a meal, sharing a bed, direct or
indirect touching) were unlikely to result in disease transmission during
incubation or early illness. Among household contacts who reported directly
touching a case, the attack rate was 32% [95% confidence interval (CI) 26-38%].
Risk of disease transmission between household members without direct contact was
low (1%; 95% CI 0-5%). Caring for a case in the community, especially until
death, and participation in traditional funeral rites were strongly associated
with acquiring disease, probably due to a high degree of direct physical contact
with case or cadaver. CONCLUSIONS: Transmission of filovirus is unlikely except
through close contact, especially during the most severe stages of acute illness.
More data are needed about the context, intimacy and timing of contact required
to raise the odds of disease transmission. Risk factors specific to urban
settings may need to be determined.
free
free
free
