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2015 ; 23
(6
): 746-52
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Meckel-Gruber Syndrome: a population-based study on prevalence, prenatal
diagnosis, clinical features, and survival in Europe
#MMPMID25182137
Barisic I
; Boban L
; Loane M
; Garne E
; Wellesley D
; Calzolari E
; Dolk H
; Addor MC
; Bergman JE
; Braz P
; Draper ES
; Haeusler M
; Khoshnood B
; Klungsoyr K
; Pierini A
; Queisser-Luft A
; Rankin J
; Rissmann A
; Verellen-Dumoulin C
Eur J Hum Genet
2015[Jun]; 23
(6
): 746-52
PMID25182137
show ga
Meckel-Gruber Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive lethal ciliopathy
characterized by the triad of cystic renal dysplasia, occipital encephalocele and
postaxial polydactyly. We present the largest population-based epidemiological
study to date using data provided by the European Surveillance of Congenital
Anomalies (EUROCAT) network. The study population consisted of 191 cases of MKS
identified between January 1990 and December 2011 in 34 European registries. The
mean prevalence was 2.6 per 100,000 births in a subset of registries with good
ascertainment. The prevalence was stable over time, but regional differences were
observed. There were 145 (75.9%) terminations of pregnancy after prenatal
diagnosis, 13 (6.8%) fetal deaths, 33 (17.3%) live births. In addition to cystic
kidneys (97.7%), encephalocele (83.8%) and polydactyly (87.3%), frequent features
include other central nervous system anomalies (51.4%), fibrotic/cystic changes
of the liver (65.5% of cases with post mortem examination) and orofacial clefts
(31.8%). Various other anomalies were present in 64 (37%) patients. As nowadays
most patients are detected very early in pregnancy when liver or kidney changes
may not yet be developed or may be difficult to assess, none of the anomalies
should be considered obligatory for the diagnosis. Most cases (90.2%) are
diagnosed prenatally at 14.3 ± 2.6 (range 11-36) gestational weeks and
pregnancies are mainly terminated, reducing the number of LB to one-fifth of the
total prevalence rate. Early diagnosis is important for timely counseling of
affected couples regarding the option of pregnancy termination and prenatal
genetic testing in future pregnancies.