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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Proc+Biol+Sci 2016 ; 283 (1823): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Dietary exposure to an environmental toxin triggers neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid deposits in the brain #MMPMID26791617
Cox PA; Davis DA; Mash DC; Metcalf JS; Banack SA
Proc Biol Sci 2016[Jan]; 283 (1823): ä PMID26791617show ga
Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and ?-amyloid plaques are the neurological hallmarks of both Alzheimer's disease and an unusual paralytic illness suffered by Chamorro villagers on the Pacific island of Guam. Many Chamorros with the disease suffer dementia, and in some villages one-quarter of the adults perished from the disease. Like Alzheimer's, the causal factors of Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS/PDC) are poorly understood. In replicated experiments, we found that chronic dietary exposure to a cyanobacterial toxin present in the traditional Chamorro diet, ?-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA), triggers the formation of both NFT and ?-amyloid deposits similar in structure and density to those found in brain tissues of Chamorros who died with ALS/PDC. Vervets (Chlorocebus sabaeus) fed for 140 days with BMAA-dosed fruit developed NFT and sparse ?-amyloid deposits in the brain. Co-administration of the dietary amino acid l-serine with l-BMAA significantly reduced the density of NFT. These findings indicate that while chronic exposure to the environmental toxin BMAA can trigger neurodegeneration in vulnerable individuals, increasing the amount of l-serine in the diet can reduce the risk.