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2016 ; 76
(6
): 1348-53
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Dynamic Patterns of Clonal Evolution in Tumor Vasculature Underlie Alterations in
Lymphocyte-Endothelial Recognition to Foster Tumor Immune Escape
#MMPMID26719541
Corey DM
; Rinkevich Y
; Weissman IL
Cancer Res
2016[Mar]; 76
(6
): 1348-53
PMID26719541
show ga
Although tumor blood vessels have been a major therapeutic target for cancer
chemotherapy, little is known regarding the stepwise development of the tumor
microenvironment. Here, we use a multicolor Cre-dependent marker system to trace
clonality within the tumor microenvironment to show that tumor blood vessels
follow a pattern of dynamic clonal evolution. In an advanced melanoma tumor
microenvironment, the vast majority of tumor vasculature clones are derived from
a common precursor. Quantitative lineage analysis reveals founder clones diminish
in frequency and are replaced by subclones as tumors evolve. These tumor-specific
blood vessels are characterized by a developmental switch to a more invasive and
immunologically silent phenotype. Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis
reveals selection for traits promoting upregulation of alternative angiogenic
programs such as unregulated HGF-MET signaling and enhanced autocrine signaling
through VEGF and PDGF. Furthermore, we show a developmental switch in the
expression of functionally significant primary lymphocyte adhesion molecules on
tumor endothelium, such as the loss in expression of the mucosal addressin
MAdCAM-1, whose counter receptor a4?7 on lymphocytes controls lymphocyte homing.
Changes in adhesive properties on tumor endothelial subclones are accompanied by
decreases in expression of lymphocyte chemokines CXCL16, CXCL13, CXCL12, CXCL9,
CXCL10, and CCL19. These evolutionary patterns in the expressed genetic program
within tumor endothelium will have both a quantitative and functional impact on
lymphocyte distribution that may well influence tumor immune function and
underlie escape mechanisms from current antiangiogenic pharmacotherapies.