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2016 ; 11
(3
): e0151471
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English Wikipedia
Buried Alive: The Behavioural Response of the Mussels, Modiolus modiolus and
Mytilus edulis to Sudden Burial by Sediment
#MMPMID26982582
Hutchison ZL
; Hendrick VJ
; Burrows MT
; Wilson B
; Last KS
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(3
): e0151471
PMID26982582
show ga
Sedimentation in the sea occurs through natural processes, such as wave and tidal
action, which can be exacerbated during storms and floods. Changes in terrestrial
land use, marine aggregate extraction, dredging, drilling and mining are known to
result in substantial sediment deposition. Research suggests that deposition will
also occur due to the modern development of marine renewable energy. The response
to individual burial under three depths of sediment, three sediment fractions and
five burial durations was investigated in two mussel species, Modiolus modiolus
and Mytilus edulis in specialist mesocosms. Both mussel species showed
substantial mortality, which increased with duration of burial and burial by
finer sediment fractions. M. modiolus was better able to survive short periods of
burial than M. edulis, but at longer durations mortality was more pronounced. No
mortality was observed in M. modiolus in burial durations of eight days or less
but by 16 days of burial, over 50% cumulative mortality occurred. Under variable
temperature regimes, M. edulis mortality increased from 20% at 8°C to over 60% at
14.5 and 20°C. Only M. edulis was able to emerge from burial, facilitated by
increased byssus production, laid mostly on vertical surfaces but also on
sediment particles. Emergence was higher from coarse sediment and shallow
burials. Byssus production in M. edulis was not related to the condition index of
the mussels. Results suggest that even marginal burial would result in mortality
and be more pronounced in warm summer periods. Our results suggest that in the
event of burial, adult M. modiolus would not be able to emerge from burial unless
local hydrodynamics assist, whereas a small proportion of M. edulis may regain
contact with the sediment water interface. The physiological stress resulting in
mortality, contribution of local hydrodynamics to survival and other ecological
pressures such as mussels existing in aggregations, are discussed.